The gender system of Laal

Abstract This paper describes the gender system of Laal, a language isolate Chad. Laal has strictly semantic, partly sex-based making use three semantic features: [±human], [masculine/feminine], and [±abstract], defining four genders: human masculine, feminine, neuter, abstract. Gender is covert on nouns; it marked only agreeing pronouns functional words. The morphological marking structure different in Seven agreement classes are defined by various conflations number categories both pronominal forms